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Post by Admin on Nov 3, 2014 18:11:25 GMT
TASK 4—CHILE AND LANGUAGE POLICY ( 112 PTS)
DEADLINE: NOVEMBER 29
Objectives:
• Students will examine the official language policy of Chile and determine if the policy is carried out in real practice.
• Students will explain in writing their opinions regarding the adequacy of Chilean language policy now and 30 years hence.
Directions:
Part I
Each student will be assigned one province of Chile. Students must research their provinces to learn the state of Spanish, English, and any other languages, especially the indigenous ones (Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara, or other) used there. Students should then fill in the table below and upload it to the forum. (20 pts.)
Province:
Region:
Total population:
Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province)
a. Language name:
b. Number of speakers
c. Number of speakers under age 50*
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
* This information is not always readily available. Use whatever information regarding the robustness of the language is to be found.
Total _____________ of 20
Part 2 Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so. Write at least 400 words. Submit a list of your sources in APA format via edmodo assignment Task 4 references.
Part 3 Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not? Write at least 500 words.
Provinces
Aisén Tamara Torres
Arauco Simone Larrondo
Arica Ivelise Aguirre
Biobío Rafael Arriquez
Cachapoal Francisca Velasquez
Capitán Prat Jessica Rojas
Cardenal Caro Juan Santibañez
Cauquenes Catalina Estay
Cautín Carlos Alvarez
Chacabuco Felipe Muñoz
Choapa Elizabeth Viveros
Coihaique Karen Pino
Colchagua Ricardo Ramos
Concepción Barbara Ledezma
Copiapó Paolla Torres
Curicó Jasna Cardenas
El Loa Soledad Ayabire
Elqui Nicole Bravo
General Carrera Claudia Robles
Huasco Maria Cayo
Iquique Gabriela Pavez
Isla de Pascua Vanessa Vega
Limarí Margarita Cabrere
Linares Gabriela Bravo
Llanquihue Nelson Rojas
Los AndesValeria Olivares
Malleco Romina Aedo
Melipilla Matias Pierola
Ñuble Milena Ramirez
Osorno Milca Llanten
Palena Erika Leiva
Parinacota Sofia Salgado
San Antonio Sebastian Alliu
San Felipe de Aconcagua Valentina Carrizo
Talagante Daniela Valderram
Talca Marcelo Arias
Tamarugal Bastian Escobar
Tocopilla David Saldaño
Valparaíso Paola Massardo
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Post by sebaalliu on Nov 28, 2014 21:59:15 GMT
Part I
Province: San Antonio
Region: Quinta Región de Valparaiso
Total population: According to 2002 CENSO, 83.435 people live in urban zones, and 3.770 live in the country side.
Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province
a. Language name: Picunche (a variation of Mapudungun)
b. Number of speakers: among the country there are about 200.000 people who has Mapuche roots. However, only 16% of them are able to speak Mapudungun, and other 18% is able to understand it. There is no specific information about San Antonio.
c. Number of speakers under age 50*
I couldn’t find information about this.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
There are 3 schools in San Antonio (Cristo de Maipo,Movilizadores portuarios,Escuela Cerro Plazilla.) that are part of a program called Programa de interculturalidad which gives workshops of Mapudungun to students. It is optional
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
In our country there is no specific language policy. Spanish is used for all legal issues. Nevertheless, to use another language is not illegal. So, another language may be used.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
As I said before there are some programs that are being applied to preserve indigenous languages. Actually, the Ministerio of Desarrollo Social has an institution called Corporacion Nacional de Desarrollo Indigena which promote and preserve ancient languages of our country.
Part 2
Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.
There is no official language policy in our country. However there are some laws and programs that are dedicated to preserve and teach indigenous languages. According to the law of Indigenous Protection, native languages must be taught in zones with a high native population. There must be a unit to let students have some knowledge about the native language. As I answered in a previous answer, the Chilean government, through the Corporacion Nacional de Desarrollo Indigena (CONADI) and MINEDUC, is carrying many projects and programs to promote indigenous languages among the young people of our country. The program Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (PEIB) was created in 1996. It contributes to develop indigenous cultures and languages depending on the zone. The main objective is to teach to students, with no ethnic roots, about the ancient culture that lived in their place. In my province are three schools that are part of this program. Carolina Malgüe is leading this program in my province, San Antonio. She says that she had to apply to start the program in those schools. The government just provides the money and materials, but she must ask in schools if they want to be part of PEIB. Another thing that is important to add is that those cultural and language workshops are optional. Students are not forced to take that subject. So, not many students per school are really interested on it. In the last years CONADI has contributed in the preservation of indigenous languages by looking for teachers interested on the native languages, creating instances to get those teachers together and let them share their experiences, and creating multicultural events to promote ancient cultures among the population. If you visit MINEDUC website, you may find that college programs have been created in order to promote those languages, for example, In Universidad de Temuco you can study for being an elementary school teacher in a Mapuche context. Also in Universidad Arturo Prat you can study for being an intercultural bilingual elementary teacher. Despite the fact that our country does not have an official policy to protect, and preserve indigenous languages, there are many laws and programs that are trying to do so. It shows that our country, in some way, is concerned about languages and cultures that built our country. However, Chilean government should try to promote it a little bit more because not all people know about it.
Part 3
Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not?
As I wrote before there is no official language policy in Chile. However, the language used for formal issues is Spanish, neither English nor indigenous language. It was said that one goal for our country is to be bilingual and there are some things that are trying to achieve this. Inglés Abre Puertas is one great example. It started in 2004.This is part of the policy that should be developed. The main objective of this is that according to the Common Euopean Framework of Reference (CEFR), students should finish their school with a level B2, which should let them communicate in English fluently. In order to get that level some events had been created, like: Winter and Summer Camps, or Public Speeches, which are public contests where the best English students are tested. But now, let’s think that someone develops and applies a good and official language policy for our country. For 2045 our country should have an amazing English level. The most of the population should be able at least to understand English Language. We could speak perfectly in both, English and Spanish, and this would give us a plus in all the worldwide work opportunities that would appear for all of us. We would be part of this great globalized world. The indigenous languages would still be here because of the other programs that were developed in the past. Young people could be able to teach to their own children native languages. It happens in other parts of the world, why we could not do the same? In the Philippines people are multilingual. They speak English, Filipino, and their indigenous language. Here in Chile would be the same thing. We will be able to speak English, Spanish, and depending in which part of Chile you were born, you could learn another IL. Everybody in the country would be pleased with those languages because we saved our culture, and, at the same time, we got into another new global culture. Obviously, all these things would happen if all the educational establishments would apply in the right way the proposed language policies. Sadly, we know that the current educational system just want to earn money, and does not give real chances to teach subjects as they should be taught. So, it is something really hard to achieve, but not impossible. This generation of young teachers is in charge of changing students mind, and start the language revolution in our country.
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Post by claudiarobles on Nov 28, 2014 22:42:29 GMT
Province: General Carrera
Region: Región de Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
Total population: 6,835
Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province)
a. Language name: kawésqar
b. Number of speakers: 5
c. Number of speakers under age 50: Zero
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?: No, the number of speakers is to low, even thou they are making a great effort in participating in research projects aimed at cultural preservation.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?: Unfortunately no.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?: The speakers that know the language and traditions well are teaching their own family. They also participate in research projects aimed at cultural preservation.
Part 2 Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so. Write at least 400 words. Submit a list of your sources in APA format via edmodo assignment Task 4 references.
Chile does not have a language policy. The government creates programs to preserve the indigenous culture, but as a policy it does not exist.
Indigenous Chilean programe
It is the duty of the Chilean government to create agreements that have been ratified in the subject of right of Indigenous people and proportionate their legislation in the way that it make sense with Indigenous standards and elaborate a new Indigenous Politics that is focus in their rights.
The new politic will be base in the International rights framework that guarantees that Indigenous people can provide their own way of political development, economic and social with their culture.
The government assumes the unfinished agreements and new challenges such as: the protection of their languages and the recognition of their authorities; help them giving them better life conditions of live, support their economy and productivity, and protect their cultural practices as their ancestral medicine; consolidate the freedom of manifestation of their beliefs; promote better and larger spaces of political, social and cultural participation, always respecting their autonomy and auto determination, extending their political rights.
Indigenous people and society in general will be principal actors of this program. We must analyze together the best way of making Indigenous people participate in the destiny of our and their country.
The kawésqar indigenous language is not part of a lot of the point of the government goals. Fist of all this language has just five people who speaks it, this amount of people would probably be extinguished. The language that are include in the government program are Mapudungun, Quechua and Aymara, those are the languages that are still been spoken by people. The amount of people that speaks this languages is bigger tham kawésqar. The efforts that are been done are jsut buy people, the few people that still speaks this langauge, the government has a lot of research programs that this people applies to and, they will probably get them but the government does not promote this language, it will stay in the region that it is now an it will day there and their culture will die as well. I believe that the efforts are mainly for the mapudungun an Mapuches. We all know that Mapuches and government has always have had problems, and the government tries to give them a place, in the way that indigenous people do not disturb their government.
At the end as I have said, the kawésqar will die, cause for the government is not a language that must be save.
Part 3 Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not? Write at least 500 words.
According to the Chilean policy our country does not establish an official language. It has been said by publical speeches that the government wants a bilingual country, this means that they want that in aproximately ten or twenty years more our country should be bilingual. This is why our government creates programes that gives the students the opportunity to develop this second language. One of them is "Inglés abre puertas" and in this same programe releases activities as summer and winter camp and public speaking, etc. If the English curriculum states as it is right now, three hours of this subject, we wont be able to be bilingual. The methodology that English theacher use nowadays will never make the students understand an produce a language, the teacher centered and traditional ways of teaching will never take our students, after twelve years of education to a B2 level o English. Probably if the students are expose to this language, they must learn it to survive.
I believe that in year 2045 every Chilean will probably get to understand English and probably communicate basically, according to what we are living right now. The interest that government has in English is so big, that probably by that year the programs of Indigenous culture will be forgotten and will stay in the history books.
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Post by rafaelanriquez on Nov 28, 2014 23:35:29 GMT
Part I
Each student will be assigned one province of Chile. Students must research their provinces to learn the state of Spanish, English, and any other languages, especially the indigenous ones (Mapudungun, Quechua, Aymara, or other) used there.
Province: BioBio
Region: 8th Region of Bío-Bío
Total population:
• Region: 2.100.450 (According last CENSO)
• Province: 353.315 (According last CENSO)
a. Language name: Spanish
b. Number of speakers: 353.315
c. Number of speakers under age 50* 300.000 approximately
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
Yes, it is. Spanish is the official language of Chile, so that is why it is spoken in schools. Most of the subjects are taught in Spanish. It is taught by the parents essentially, and reinforced by teachers at school.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
Yes, it is.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
Spanish is the main language of the country, and every person that live in the country is suppose to speak at least 50% of the language.
a. Language name: Mapudungun (Mapuche’s Language)
b. Number of speakers: there is not an exact number of the total of the speakers of Mapudungun, but it is an estimated number of 50.000 speakers in the region
c. Number of speakers under age 50* --
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
With the new project established by the government, schools are allowed to teach a second language such an indigenous one (apart from English, of course). In the case in the region Bío-Bío, there are lots of speakers of Mapudungun. There is a special program designed by the Ministry of Education that helps to the teachers to organized their lessons of those languages: “Lenguas Indigenas”
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
I do not think so, this language is more used to preserved it, but to do legal proceedings is used the Spanish only, as official language of the country.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
There are several projects that help to preserve the culture of Mapuches, including that their language is taught nowadays at schools of the regions that speak that language. There is a program called “Programa de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe” that consider the Mapudungun a second language that students have to learn.
Another important thing to preserve the culture is that at least three comunas of Chile have declared Mapudungun as an official second language.
Part 2 Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.
The Political Constitution of Chile does not express anything about official languages in the country. However, the language spoken in our country, as we know, is Spanish. Chile has hosted several international treaties that talk about the occupation of a second native language spoken in place, bilingual treaties. Another way to highlight languages, those that stand before Spanish, such as Mapudungun, Quechua, among others, are some programs implemented by the Government. The current president of Chile, Michelle Bachelet, proposed a program called “Pueblos Indígenas” where she presents a proposal to the aboriginal speakers about their languages.
This program talks about a new indigenous policy will be based on the framework international rights that guaranteed to the aboriginal people a better political, economical and social development, including especially the defense of the languages spoken by the those people. The idea of this program is to improve the life quality of indigenous people, and preserve the culture and the language that they have. The Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) has also implemented a way to preserve those languages spoken by the indigenous people. Every school that is in a place where people do not speak Spanish only has to include a program of studies about those languages. In the case of the region of Bío-Bío, schools have to include a program of Mapudungun, because there are several people living there that still speak the language, preserving the culture. So we can say that the province is carrying out the “official” policy of the country, because it was established by the government. In my opinion the government has the obligation to fulfill with those native people, because they were before us, but in the same way those indigenous people have to show some respect for those who are governing the country, because as we know there are a lot of problems between them. And as the MINEDUC is helping them to preserve their culture and their language, they have to work together.
Part 3 Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not?
One of the biggest dreams of the government is become the country in a bilingual one. Unfortunately the Political Constitution of the country does not say anything about the official languages, as I said in Part II. We speak Spanish and as we want to be globalized we always have to find the way to be informed. That is why always a second language is being taught. First was French and now is English, but I think that the authorities have forgotten about the languages spoken in the same place where we live day by day. First of all, to change the mind that Chilean people have until now, an indigenous language has to be defined, and probably the bilingual current system would work as well, but it has to be established in the whole schools along the country. I think that at the same time schools have to be teaching the three languages: Spanish, English and an Indigenous Language. Sometimes people do not think that languages are important, because they forget that it is the only way that we can communicate with the rest, and if we would not have it we would not say anything. Everything would be forgotten and anything would be important to say.
If the teaching of a third language works as good as we want to 2045, it could be helpful to preserve different languages along the country. Probably thirty years after instituted the way of teaching and learning a new language is good idea to change a culture, the people in our country will have more opportunities around the world just because we will know more than language, I mean we will know more than Spanish only. The state of the Indigenous Languages will be better than today, because as I said before people will be preserving languages that would die one day if we as society are not aware of do it. And in my opinion, in 20145 the big dream of the government would be come true, because we would develop our knowledge and who knows, probably we could teach the Indigenous Languages to the rest of the world.
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Post by jessicarojas on Nov 29, 2014 0:43:28 GMT
Province: Capitán Prat
Region: Región de Aysén de Carlos Ibañez del Campo
Total population: 3000 inhabitants.
In my province there´s no indigenous population, but the aborigines that are more close to it are the Alacalufes. They spoke kawésqar but only 10 people speak it, it´s not used in schools or in official business and its facing extinction. Due to the small part of the population that is part of this ethnicity nothing is being done to preserve it.
Part 2
Even though we don’t have an official language policy in our country we do have laws that refers to the topic. In the areas with high indigenous population it’s contemplated the protection of the indigenous culture and language. The “Ley Indígena” considers the use and conservation of these languages. Also states that there must be a unit into the educational system that facilitates its rightful knowledge. In superior education the law stipulates the promotion and statement of lectures of history, culture, and indigenous languages. the radio stations and tv channels of the regions with high indigenous population must diffuse programs in their original languages. Also the state should support the creation of indigenous radio stations, and media. This law punishes the ones who discriminate intentionally indigenous people by applying fees that can be as high as $1.050.000 pesos. In my province there´s no particular problem with this law, because there are no indigenous population there.
.
Part 3
Chile does not have a language policy as it has been mentioned before. However on the English matters the government has established that the intentions are that in the next 30 years our country becomes bilingual, or at least that the younguer population becomes proficient in the language. There are several proyects to acomplish this. In 2004 the ministry of education established the program “Inglés abre puertas” that offers diagnosis tests and proffesional development for the teachers. Also in the future, the plans include: the placement of scolarships, the improvement of the English teaching in schools, include in the future a section of English on the PSU, and make the teachers take the Cambridge Placement Test, also its expected that the people that impart English classes reach a B2 certification level in the Common European Framework of Reference. If all of these things work out by 2045 Chile should improve the english level, and a large portion of the population could enoy of international opportunities to study or work. At least I think that everything could be better that what we have, because today less than 2% of the adult population that works speaks the language at a basic level. Unfortunately I don´t think that the indigenous languages will survive that long. Every day the number of speakers of the different indigenous languages in our country decrease, and despite of the laws that protect the culture and the languages the schools don´t promote this topics. Besides the law only encourage the dissemination and protection in the places were there are high indigenous population, so in the rest of the country this things would fade away until their extinction. I believe that the state of English would be something that will please the Chileans, because English is considerated as a tool that brings a lot of opportunities along. Therefore if the country increases the proficiency in the language people would have more opportunities and chile would stood before many countries in America Latina. On the other hand it´s a pity, but I don´t think that the future of the indigenous languages is something that worries our country, or at least most of it. It is really sad the lack of consideration that we have towards our ancesters. If we mantain this attitude soon we will loose our cultural background, and there will be nothing left but vestiges to look in glass cabinets in the museums.
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Post by carlos on Nov 29, 2014 7:08:52 GMT
Part I
Province: Cautin
Region: Araucania
Total population: 668.560
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A) Language name: Spanish
B) Number of speakers: approximately 500.000
C) Number of speakers under age 50: Not specified, although it is esteemed that 90% of the population is fluent in the language.
D) Is this language used in schools, if so, how? : Spanish is widely used as it is Chile’s official language. It is spoken and taught from kindergarten to Universities.
E) Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? : Yes , it is. Spanish is used in in government administrative documents as well as public services and commerce issues.
F) What efforts are being made to preserve or promote the learning of the language: I would not use the word “effort” for Spanish because it is clearly promoted through the programs made by the Ministry of Education. The influence of Spanish is almost omnipresent throughout the country.
A) Language name: Mapundungun (mapuche)
B) Number of speakers: Around 330.000, which is approximately the 50% of the population (All with different kinds of fluency)
C) Number of speakers under age 50: Not specified.
D) Is this language used in schools, if so, how? : Yes it is. It is taught in schools and they currently have a program aimed to promote Mapuche culture through language.
E) Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? : Although it is spoken by a big number of people, it is not very used in the public system. Actually, different organizations pro indigenous rights are fighting hard to force the government to establish Mapundungun as an official language in the region.
F) What efforts are being made to preserve the learning of the language: The organization CONADI (Corporacion nacional del desarrollo indigena) is in charge of protecting and spreading indigenous culture into the Chilean society. Mapundungun is not the exception. There are programs where the law forces regional governments to provide schools in areas where there is a high percent of indigenous population.
Part II
Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so. Write at least 400 words. Submit a list of your sources in APA format via edmodo assignment Task 4 references.
The Chilean laws have very specific terms that refer to the preservation of indigenous culture. The indigenous law N° 19.253. D. O. 5.10.1993, establishes norms about protection, promotion and development of indigenous culture. In its section IV of culture and indigenous education is established the following:
Paragraph 1°
The recognition, respect and protection of Indigenous cultures.
Article 28. The recognition and respect of the cultures and indigenous languages will cover:
A) The use and conservation of indigenous languages along with Spanish in regions with high density of indigenous population.
B) The establishment of the system of the national education with programs that may allow students to have access to a proper knowledge of indigenous culture and languages. Students will have to be taught to value them.
C) The promotion and diffusion of radio emissions and television channels of areas with high density of indigenous population. There will be support in creating telecommunication systems in order to provide the indigenous population enough language and culture space.
D) The promotion and establishment of history, culture and language subjects related to indigenous topics in superior education.
E) The obligation of the civil registry to sign up the names and last names of indigenous children in the manner expressed by their parents and with the norms of phonetic transcriptions that they indicate.
F) The promotion of artistic and cultural expressions, and the protection of the historic, cultural and archeological architecture.
In reality, these efforts have not been carried out well. This is because the programs that the government has launched have not had the expected impact over the population. The reasons why they have failed can be explained by the constant fights between the government and the local indigenous population, who think that the efforts from the government are not enough as to provide good conditions for the development of public and social programs. Moreover, there is a constant hate from the indigenous people to the government in the sense that they have been promised to have their lands returned, but little or no efforts have been made. Additionally, despite the good intentions of trying to implement Mapundugun in the educational system, it still remains as an endangered language with low impact in fields such as economy, politics or telecommunication.
Part III
Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not?
There is no current language policy in Chile. Ancient and indigenous languages count with the protection of their rights through the programs led by CONADI, whose mission is to fight for the protection and preservation of indigenous languages in the country. English is widely taught in schools and it is considered a language for the fields of business and science. Chile has set the goal to become a bilingual country in the next 20 years. However, neither indigenous languages nor English have had the expected results. If we take into consideration that English, being an important language to learn has had poor results in standard exams, what can be expected with indigenous languages? I think that if we took this reality to a utopic scenario, then the majority of Chileans would be more than pleased to master the languages that are spoken and taught in the country. On one hand, perhaps this would create conflict with those cultures that are narrow-minded about receiving the influence of a language they consider worthless learning, especially these people who belong to extreme groups that are full of exaggerated nationalist thinking. It would be like Belgium, which is culturally divided by its language policy. Additionally, I think this would create social differences since one language would be willing to impose its influence over the others. On the other hand, this would give the country a good image, and it would be seen as an example for other nations to imitate. As a last point, I think Chile still needs to work a lot on how to integrate not only indigenous languages, but also efforts to bring stability and security to indigenous communities.
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Post by soledadayabire on Nov 29, 2014 12:29:19 GMT
Part I
Province: El Loa
Region: Antofagasta
Total population: 493.984 inhabitants.
Ethnic Languages
a. Language name: Chilean Quechua.
b. Number of speakers: 8200 inhabitants.
c. Number of speakers under age 50*
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?: Through "Intercultural Bilingual Education" in Ollagüe`s community. They are a Quechua community, so they use Quechua in their daily life. The school of Ollagüe teaches its students in Spanish and Quechua, not just the formal education, also they are taught the traditions and the point of view of Quechua world.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?: No, just Spanish.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
According to the Chilean policy of ethnic languages is mandatory that every place in the country with at least 20% of ethnic people must provide bilingual education in their schools. For example Ollagüe, that is a rural community located in the Altiplano, II region of Antofagasta; near to Bolivia. Ollagüe`s community is a Quechua community, for that reason its school, "San Antonio de Padua" offers its students "Intercultural Bilingual Education", in Spanish and Quechua.
Also in the last years the "Consejo Linguistico Quechua" in Calama, has implemented programs for the promotion and preservation of Quechua in the ethnic community. They have offered free and annually Quechua courses for everyone who wants to learn the language.
a. Language name: Kunza.
b. Number of speakers: No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population (Atacameños): 21,000.
c. Number of speakers under age 50*: No speakers.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?: No.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?: No, just Spanish.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
Nowadays Kunza is extinct but the ethnic population is still big in the zone. Current Atacameños do not speak Kunza, but they are still able to use a few hundred words in Kunza. There are some linguists working with forms of recovery this ethnic language. For example today in "Memoria Chilena" website is possible to find some dictionaries Kunza/Spanish, also you can find works about Atacameños (or Licàn Antai) and their history.
Part 2
* Law 19256 establishes rules on protection, promotion and development of indigenous and create the National Indigenous Development Corporation.
TITLE IV OF INDEGENOUS CULTURE AND EDUCATION
1º Paragraph
Recognition, Respect and protection of Indigenous Cultures
Article 28.- Recognition, respect and protection of the indigenous cultures and idioms will contemplate:
a) Use and conservation of indigenous idioms, along with the Spanish in the areas of high indigenous density;
b) To establish in the national educational system of a programmatic unit that enables learners to access to an adequate knowledge of indigenous cultures and languages, and to enable them to assess them positively;
c) Development of broadcasting in the radio station and television channels of the regions with high indigenous presence, of programs in indigenous language and support to the creation of radio station and media of indigenous communication;
d) Promotion and establishment of history, culture and indigenous classes in the upper education;
e) The requirement of "Registro Civil" to record names of indigenous people in the way their parents express and the rules of phonetic transcription they indicate and
f) Promotion of artistic and cultural expressions and the protection of architectural, archaeological, cultural and historic heritage.
To obey what is stated before, the Corporation, in coordination with the Ministry of Education, promotes plans and programs to encourage indigenous cultures.
* The Intercultural Bilingual Education Program PEIB rise in 1996, with the support of the Ministry Of Education and the aim of incorporating indigenous knowledge in the school space.
Later in 2006, the Superior Council of Education approved the Fundamental Objectives and Minimum Obligatory Contents for the Indigenous Language Sector. Which were proposed by the Ministry of Education and the National Indigenous Development Corporation CONADI.
This action causes the development of the Curriculum for Aymara, Quechua, Mapudungun and Rapa Nui languages, for being the ones which have currently linguistic vitality.
* The only place in "El Loa" that is actually carrying out the official law about Indigenous Language is Ollagüe because they are declared as a Quechua community. They only have students from 1º bàsico to 8º bàsico and the students who wants to finish their high school should go to Calama. According to the law there should be schools in Calama with "The Intercultural Bilingual Education Program" because the indigenous community in the zone is dense but there are not. Actually the students from Ollagüe stop to learn Quechua when they go to a school in Calama.
Also the most of indigenous people are Atacameños but it is impossible to teach Kunza in schools because it is an extinct language, so in that case the current law does not work.
Part 3
The current state of indigenous languages in the country is difficult. It requires a big effort and more than a law to preserve them. Actually that law just considers four languages, and the others are just dying. If the current law was mandatory for every place in the country we could preserve those languages. If the government does not do anything stronger about that there are not going to be indigenous languages in the next 30 years. About the English state in the country, every single government that I remember in the last years has talked about the idea of having a bilingual country, that we are on the road. But at the same time they do not do anything to get it. I think they really believe that is going to be like magic, but it is not, we have to be realistic; education is not going to get better just dreaming. Because the big background problem is that in Chile, education is bad, nobody takes care about it. If we want a bilingual country or preserve our indigenous languages, government must work on it. With the current laws, because we do not have an official policy of language, we are not going to be a better country in matters of languages.
Assuming for a moment that we have strong policies of language, to improve the use of English and to preserve indigenous languages, it would be perfect. Because Chile could be a bilingual or even a trilingual country, just as other countries around the world. That would give us many opportunities for success in a changing world but we need a policy of language. Without one it is really hard to improve the country and its people.
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Post by sebaalliu on Nov 29, 2014 14:20:20 GMT
According to those last posts thee most of the provinces do not have ILs speakers 50 years old. That could be really dangerous for indigenous languages because if the keep going as they go now, they will probably dissapear in a decade or some years. Government should probably reinforce preservation and promotion programs in order to save our culture. In the eight region there are native speakers because the highest amount of mapuches lives there. In addition, government is applying succesfully those preservation programs. However, it seems to be the only region worried about their indigenous background
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Post by erikamantra on Nov 29, 2014 15:31:50 GMT
Province: Palena Region: Décima Región Total population: 1,827 according to censo 2002 Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province) a. Language name: chesungun or huilliche dialect b. Number of speakers: only a few people speak chesungun
c. Number of speakers under age 50*: chesungun is only speak by elders so is endangered. This language is not used in school and either is used in official businesses because just a few elders speak it. Unfortunately the government is doing nothing to preserve it. Part 2 Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.Chile is one of the countries with less population of indigenous people in the world. According to studies the indigenous population is 6, 9 % in Chile. Specifically 83, 7% of Mapuches, 7% Aymara, 3% Atacameños, 0,2 % Yamanes, and the rest are less than 1%. Only 9 ethnics are recognize by the Chile government but the languages that exist are from only 4 ethnics which are Mapuche, Aymara, Rapa Nui and Quechua. All others indigenous languages are considered extinct. In 1993-1996 Chile created a law for teaching and preserving the indigenous languages in places that are most indigenous population. In 2009 the incorporation of the indigenous languages to the curriculum from basic education is approved. According to the policy Chile only accept the indigenous languages that are more spoken in the curriculum. This means that there are not laws that support the preservation of chesungun in Palena, because there are only a few people that speak it. I think that if this language is endangered it is most important to preserve it because it can disappear. Part 3 Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be
pleased? Why or why not?I think that in 30 years it can be possible that English can be learned and used correctly because while I am studying English pedagogy I can see all the future English teachers that are being formed and it gives me hope that the methodology of teaching and learning changed in Chile. This will allow future students have the opportunity to learn the new language as a second language and no like a foreign language. I believe that ILs state will be in the IX region of Chile because it has the bigger population of indigenous people. I think that there will be two groups of people. Some of them will like the diversity who believe in integrity and the grown of a world interrelated with the opportunity to expand their culture knowing and sometimes practicing different style of life, interesting traditions, religions, believes that could be found in the rest of the world. Others will fight for preserve only their own culture and they will not accept other cultures. Another thing that is going to happen is that there will be fights for the rights of each group. Because I think that people from each group will think that are less considered than others. Actually there are a lot of benefits for indigenous people, health care, scholarship. Therefore if the amount of indigenous people becomes higher the government could do two things: to give much money or to give less money, what probably will be the second option and in that case a lot of struggles will take place in the country.  
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Post by valentinac on Nov 29, 2014 16:52:17 GMT
Province: San Felipe de Aconcagua
Region: Región de Valparaiso
Total population: According to CENSO 2002 , 131.911
Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province)
a. Language name:
The language is called Mapudungun, but the people living in San felipe de Aconcagua are called Picunche
.
b. Number of speakers:
According to CENSO 2012, 604.349 people speak Mapudungun but most of these people live in the Región de la Araucania and in the city of Santiago. I did not find a specific number for San Felipe.
c. Number of speakers under age 50*:
I did not find any info on this.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
I only found one school, Escuela la Higerita in Santa Maria. There, they teach Mapuzungun (mixture between Spanish and Mapudungun) and the culture and history of Mapuches.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
No.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
In 1996, Mineduc implemented a program called Programa de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (PEIB) that seeks to preserve indigenous languages. If any school has more than 20% of students of indigenous background there have to teach the language and culture.
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Post by franciscavelasquez on Nov 29, 2014 18:57:54 GMT
Province: Cachapoal Region: Región del Biobío Total population: 1.609 habitantes | Language name | Number of speakers | number of speakers under age 50 | is this language used in schools, and if so, how? | is this language used in official businness such as legal proceedings? | What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? | | Spanish | The entire population | The entire population | It is use in schools and in all the interactions between people in the province. This is because Spanish is the official language and the most used one in Chile. | It is totally use in official business such as legal proceedings. | this language is taught by the schools they have there. Also, it is the main language parents teach to their children. |
| Language name | Number of speakers | Number of speakers under age 50 | is this language used in schools, and if so, how? | is this language used in official businness such as legal proceedings? | What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? | | Mapudungun | unknown | unknown | this language is not used in schools. | this language is not used in official business. | None, this language is not being taught in schools neither in other educational systems. This language is spoken just by a few people in this province and it is because they had parents or granparents who taught them Mapudungun. |
Part 2 The official policy of the indigenous language of the Chilean government says that they do not forbid the use of the indigenous languages, on the opposite, they try to maintain the existence of them. By this reason they incorporated laws and rights of indigenous people in terms of education. The government says that all the schools can add a indigenous language course if they want it to. Also they say that it is mandatory if in a school are equal or more than a 20% percent of indigenous students studying there. This is a way to preserve and to promote the use of this almost inexistence languages. I looked for information but i did not find an specific quantity of people who are speaking Mapudungun. What I actually found were the contacts and the information of the schools of this province They have no more than 10 schools, mainly they are primary schools.. They have no more than 10 schools, mainly they are primary schools. I found that they do not teach indigenous languages as I expected. They do not integrate this old language to the education of their children. This makes me think they actually do not care about the preservation and promotion of this language. Definitely, they are not carrying out these official policies, or at least they do not show it. I found that they do not teach or give spaces to practice this language called Mapudungun, but I found that they are trying to integrate English in a huge way. They even are giving scholarships (and the government too) to students who are interested on learning this important foreign language. I did not like this, because they are promoting languages that are not used in this country, that means that globalization is now more important that our Chilean history and its traditions. I think that we need to pay attention to this now, and act fast if they do not want to lose important languages as Mapudungun and its practice. Part 3 If the Chilean people started to achieve the compliance of the language policy from now to 30 years more, I think they would be have a huge problem. They would be so focused on promoting, practicing and learning English that the indigenous people and its children would start to forget their indigenous languages to start using English. If they do not do that and they maintain their use of it, they will be less and less with time and they will reach the extinction of their indigenous language really quickly. The state of Spanish is barely now in a good level, the level of the english language in our country is really bad, and we can see now that the practice of the indigenous languages are not even mentioned in the government. The future Chilean people on 2045 would have anhuge problem with languages, their level will low because if now they focus just in one and its bad, you can imagine what would happen if we added a foreign language. They will collapsed really quickly because in general Chileans are really lazy, if the information that they are presenting don't interest them, then they will not work with it. I do not think they imaginary situation would be fine for this country, I think they need to start by achieving in a good way the official language which is Spanish. At the same time, they need to make the rules of indigenous languages work for real. And when our culture achieve the pride and the cultural importance of taking care the indigenous languages, THEN, I would say it would be fine if English is integrated fully in our classrooms. |
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Post by juansantibanez on Nov 29, 2014 19:24:09 GMT
PART 1
Province:
Cardenal Caro
Región:
VI - Región del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins
Total population:
41.160, with more than half the population living in rural areas.
a. Language name:
Spanish
b. Number of speakers
: As of right now, the entirety of its official population: 41.160
c. Number of speakers under age 50*
: This information is not specified.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
: Yes it is. Is the main language used and taught.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
: Yes it is. Is the language used in every aspect of the region.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?: No efforts are made to preserve Spanish as it is the main language of the country.
PART 2
Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.
While there is a law that protects (Or at least tries to), promotes and develop the indigenous language, we can say without a doubt that this law is not being carried as it should. Indigenous languages are still dying in this country and it's up to the own aborigines to preserve their cultural patrimony.
The law I'm talking about its specifically the law N° 19.253. D. O. 5.10.1993 and this law specifies that it will focus in the preservation of indigenous culture within the country. Not only its language, but also traditions, education and have them integrate into our culture. Most of which have barely been working in our modern society. The law that makes emphasis in the preservation of the language it's the first one that states: "The use and conservation of indigenous languages along with Spanish in regions with high density of indigenous population". While the intentions and the documentation are there, we have seen little to no effort from the government to make sure that the aboriginal Chileans feel integrated in our society. Perhaps the fact that the language of aboriginal communities is not a profitable investment for the government, but the efforts made to keep the languages alive are minimal to none. Just as stated before, the people in charge of keeping the cultures and languages alive are the members of the own community. Aspects such as traditions and artistic expressions are carried out by these communities and not all the time they have the support of the Chilean government.
In the case of Cardenal Caro, there aren't official records of indigenous languages being spoken in the area. Though, names of some of the communes are derived from words in the Mapudungun language, leading us to believe that this language was used at some point but finally got discarded. Despite this, Cardenal Caro has proven to be a perfect location for indigenous celebrations. The fact that most of the population lives in rural areas make it perfect for other aboriginal Chileans to congregate, there are all sorts of communities traveling to this region for different holidays. Communities of the Mapuche people, Aimara, Quechua, people from Rapa Nui, even Kaweskar speakers gather in Cardenal Caro from time to time, making it one of the most diverse in terms of indigenous language. But just like stated before, these people are not from the region, just people from other places.
Part 3
Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not?
We can dream, can't we? In respect of the integrations of the indigenous language, a good implementation of this rules would allow people from aboriginal communities for a easier insertion in modern society as members of it. The problem with this is the fact that aboriginal languages are dying in this country, and perhaps no amount of integration would change this. I base my argument in the fact that the laws of integration do exactly that, integrate an already existing number of speakers into a modern society, but it does not encourages or promotes the teaching of these languages in any sort of institution. People that want to learn these languages would have to research and find their own ways to achieve learning of them, just like it happens now. Younger generations of aboriginal communities are speaking more and more Spanish than their own language as a way to integrate better to the Chilean society, and even if the laws of integration were to be perfect, I fear that this would be the case anyways.
Now, about official language policies in Chile: There are none. The government of Chile prides itself as being in the making of a bilingual speaking country, but it's hard to take it seriously when our main language (Spanish) is not even recognized as an official language. In order to make a perfect language policy, first we would have to create one. Now, in the case there was one and it was perfect. I think that it would take some time to get it implemented. We have to take in account that while the government can implement the system and schools can make efforts to add the new policy in their programs, we have to make sure that students get used to it first. Effort, time and money can go to waste if the main agents in this project don't want to be part of it. Another thing to keep in mind is the potential warning for aboriginal languages. Just being a monolingual country, Chile has a hard time trying to keep the indigenous cultures from falling behind. The correct implementation of a second language (English in this case) would place all the resources that are being used (Supposedly) in the law of integration and move them to the law. Putting them even in a more tough position. As of right now, the indigenous communities are slowly losing their original languages, and the correct implementation of the new system would allow us to become a bilingual country, suited for the globalized world but it would, most likely, get most of the aboriginal languages dead once and for all.
In all honesty, I think that a perfect language policy in Chile would benefit most of the people, younger generations, and even older generations would find that in long term, this policy is good, because it would allow them to learn a second language easily, and not any language but English, the most used language for global communications. But aboriginal Chileans would see it as something bad, even aggressive against them, because it would put the already small efforts used to preserve their identity go towards another cause.
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Post by valeriaolivares on Nov 29, 2014 19:56:22 GMT
Province: Provincia de los Andes.
Region: V Valparaiso Region.
Total population: According to Censo 2012, 62.866 people live in the zone.
Fill these items out separately for each language spoken in the province)
a. Language name: Mapudungun
b. Number of speakers: According to censo, there are 604.349 who speak Mapudungun in Chile. I couldn’t find the specific information about Los Andes.
c. Number of speakers under age 50*: I couldn’t find this information, but the percent of elder people who speak Mapudungun is more than young people.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how?
There are 8 schools in Los Andes (Colegio Inglés Sun Valley, Colegio María Auxiliadora, Colegio Curimón, Instituto Chacabuco, Liceo Max Salas Marchant, Liceo Particular Mixto Los Andes, Colegio Vedruna de San Felipe and Colegio Alemán de San Felipe). There are part from a program called Programa de Interculturalidad who gives the oportunity to be related with the Mapudungun.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings?
I couldn’t find this information.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language?
The only effort I could find is the programa de Educación Intercultural Bilingue (PEIB) since 1996 who works with the Ministry of Education. They promote the use of indigenous languages in schools. Also, the programa de desarrollo who promotes the indigenous languages in the country.
PART 2
Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.
According my investigation, the language policy in Chile doesn’t exist. However I could find some programs in Chile to conserve and promote the indigenous languages. One of them is the programa de Educación Intercultural Bilingue (PEIB) who was made in 1996. This program is from the Minestery of Education, and they make intercultural politics to increase the relationship between indigenous and the rest of the population. The reason of this program is that every person has the opportunity to know the mother tongue of our country, and the culture of indigenous in Chile through educative implements. The other program that I found was the programa from Corporación Nacional de Desarrollo Indígena (CONADI). This institution promotes the government work about the integral development of the indigenous in the country. MINEDUC contributes to development the indigenous language in schools. Also, they finance the education of indigenous people to preserve the culture and the language. In addition, the law 19.253, art. 74 said that the Corporations must preserve the language and the identity of indigenous people. At least, the laws and programs work in Los Andes. As I said before, the schools in Los Andes have schools to promote the language, and also the City Hall makes events to increase the participation of indigenous population.
PART 3
Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not?
I established in part 2 that Chile doesn’t have language policy. I think and I really expect that Chile could speak Spanish and English in 2045. Actually, there are some programs as Inglés Abre Puertas (PIAP) for Chileans who want to increase their level in English. MINEDUC is in charge, and they goal is give the opportunity to Chilean people learn English. They work with British Council in training teachers, and also, they give scholarship to students or adults. The goal of the government is turn to Chile in a bilingual country. However, the public system in Chile have deficit in their curriculum in the area of English. If they don’t develop better conditions of learning in classroom, it will be difficult create a bilingual country. I expect that we could change the conditions of education in Chile, and the realization of better classes in English. It only depends of the future teachers, and the motivation for every student in the classroom.
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Post by mariacayo on Nov 29, 2014 20:52:57 GMT
PART 1Province: Huasco Region: Atacama (III) Total population: 8,977  a. Language name: Spanish b. Number of speakers: There is no specific number of people who speak Spanish, but most of the population speak this language. (Natalia Donoso, Spanish teacher in Huasco, personal communication, 28 November, 2014). c. Number of speakers under age 50*: I couldn’t find a specific number, but since Spanish is the main language of Huasco there are lots of people who can speak it. d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how? Since Spanish is the official language of Chile, it is the most used language in schools. e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? Yes, it is used in official business. f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? a. Language name: English b. Number of speakers: No specific number for this region, but only 2% of the population in Chile speak English fluently. c. Number of speakers under age 50*: No specific number. d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how? Yes, this language is taught in schools. Most of students have 3 or 4 hours of English peer week. there is a program called ‘Habla Inglés con Condorito’ for students from 1st to 4th grade. The purpose of this program is for students to learn basic English, so they can deal with their second cycle of education (5th-8th grade) with a good foundation of this language. e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? Yes, it is used in official bussicess. f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? Barrick (a mining company) gave the opportunity to children of the Atacama region to learn English by a program called ‘Condorito y sus amigos aprenden Inglés’. Also, the government created the program 'Inglés Abre Puertas' that has the objective to promote English for students to learn it. *Kakán (the language of the Diaguitas – indigenous people who lived between the 3rd and 4th region) was also spoken in Huasco, but nowadays this is an extinct language. PART 2
Explain the official policy of the Chilean government regarding the use, teaching, and preservation/promotion of indigenous languages (ILs). Explain whether or not your assigned province is actually carrying out those official policies. If it is not carrying out the policy, explain how it is failing to do so.
I couldn’t find the Language policy of Chile, but I found that Chilean government recognizes 9 indigenous groups and their languages, the: Atacameño, Aymara, Colla, Diaguita, Kawashkar, Mapuche, Quechua, Rapa Nui, and Yagán people. Also, there is an institution called Corporación Nacional de Desarrollo Indigena (CONADI) that tries to promote the development of indigenous communities in Chile. Since Huasco doesn’t have an indigenous language, there is no official policy for that place. PART 3Assume for a moment that every province in Chile were complying with the official language policy described in Part 2. Also assume that all provinces were to achieve tip-top compliance with the policy for the next 30 years. Would the Chileans of 2045 be able to communicate well in both Spanish and English? What would be the state of the ILs in the country? Do you think the state of Spanish, English, and ILs in 2045 is one with which Chileans of that year would be pleased? Why or why not? As we know, the government wants Chile to become a bilingual country, so they are currently starting to develop programs (Barrick projects, Inglés abre puertas, among others) that encourage people to learn/use English. Most of Chileans are in the beginning of this process, so only 2% of the population speak English fluently. Hopefully, in 30 years more people can be proficient speakers in this language if we keep developing and using these programs/projects. In 2045, I think that the number of Indigenous Languages’ speakers would decrease because the government would be more focused in implementing programs to develop English than Indigenous languages. Moreover, the promotion of these languages in schools is not enough for people to be interested in learning an Indigenous Language or trying to maintain it, so I think that most of these language will disappear.
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Post by danielavalderrama on Nov 29, 2014 21:23:05 GMT
Part I
Province: Province ofTalagante
Region: Región Metropolitana
Total population: 78.887
a. Language name: Spanish
b. Number of speakers: 78.887
c. Number of speakers under age 50: 47.369
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how? This language is used in schools. Students have all their content in this language and all teachers speaks it.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? This language is used in business and legal proceedings.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? The language is known as the official language of the country.
a. Language name: English
b. Number of speakers: not found.
c. Number of speakers under age 50: not found.
d. Is this language used in schools, and if so, how? This language is used in schools. Students have all their content in this language and all teachers speaks it.
e. Is this language used in official business such as legal proceedings? This language is not an official language. It is just taught as a foreign language. But, it is used to make business work.
f. What efforts are being made to preserve or promote learning of the language? They taught it as a foreign language at schools, universities and institutes.
Part 2
According to the Indigenous Law N° 18.253, the Indigenous Language should be taught in every school in which belong to an indigenous location. Also, there is a paragraph in which explain that the university education there should be available programs to teach the respective indigenous language according of the zone. After reading this, we can say if in the universities there are programs that improve indigenous languages to teach, then students could know the language that was spoken in their location. In the case of the Province of Talagante, there are not school where they teach an indigenous language. Therefore, the Province of Talagante does not apply this law because of the absence of indigenous living groups. The languages that is teaching in this place are: Spanish and English as an EFL language. In one part they are applying the law because Spanish is the official language of our country and they have to teach it. Also, English is taught as a Foreign Language in which is established in the educational program. This foreign language is taught to become citizens availables to speak in another language in order to create a universal business network.
Part 3
I think if everything works as we expect we could have a society speaking Spanish as their official language, English as a foreign language finally an Indigenous language (Mapudungun, Aymara, Quechua, among others) accordinf to their location. Also, each province will know about their own roots and how it was and is important for their identity. If this society will know their indigineous languages, their generation will know it too. When society recognize the importance of those languages, they become respectful people of their own culture. Although, Indigenous population will feel important because of the recognition of the government and the Chilean society in general. When I see this country speaking an indigenous language or at least know a few words in which they could be able to communicate, I think we can be an example of how to apply new Indigenous Language Policy in other countries. Because I think culture is all we have at the end of the road, and its language represents the history of our roots.
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